September 27 undefined

3rd Assignment of Struture III

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Chapter 3
Conditional sentences are also known as Conditional Clauses of If Clauses. They are used to express that the action in the main clause (without it) can only take place if a certain condition (in the clause with if) is filled. There are three types of Conditional Sentences.
Conditional Sentences Type 1
à It is possible and also very likely that the condition will be fulfilled.
Form: If + Simple Present, Will-Future

1.      If I find his address, I will send her a birthday invitation.
Conditional clause      Main clause
2.      If it does not rain this afternoon, I will drop by your house for a while.
3.      If I have a proper good job, I will take you to a fancy restaurant.
4.      If I have enough money, I will travel around the United Kingdom.
5.      If I get a Fulbright scholarship, I will get my master degree in England.
6.      If my mum doesn’t cook for dinner, we will eat out at a restaurant.
7.      If I get good grades in English, I will treat my friends in a near café.
8.      If I finish my assignment in time, I will submit it tomorrow morning.
9.      If I have some trustworthy friends to talk to, I will share my problems with them.
10.  If I come home late, my mum will lock the front door.

Conditional Sentences Type 2
à It is possible but very unlikely, that the condition will be fulfilled.
Form: If + Simple past, conditional 1 or would + infinitive

1.      If I found his address, I would send her a birthday invitation.
Conditional clause      Main clause
2.      If it did not rain this afternoon, I would drop by your house for a while.
3.      If I had a proper good job, I would take you to a fancy restaurant.
4.      If I had enough money, I would travel around the United Kingdom.
5.      If I got a Fulbright scholarship to study abroad, I would choose to study in England.
6.      If my mum didn’t cook for dinner, we would eat out at a restaurant.
7.      If I got good grades in English, I would treat my friends in a near café.
8.      If I finished my assignment in time, I would submit it tomorrow morning.
9.      If I had some trustworthy friends to talk to, I would share my problems with them.
10.  If I came home late, my mum would lock the front door.

Conditional Sentences Type 3
è It is impossible that the condition will be fulfilled because it refers to the past.
Form: If + Past perfect, Conditional II or would + have + Past participle

1.      If I had found his address, I would have sent her a birthday invitation.
Conditional clause                  Main clause
2.      If it had not rained this afternoon, I would have dropped by your house for a while.
3.      If I had had a proper good job, I would have taken you to a fancy restaurant.
4.      If I had had enough money, I would have travelled around the United Kingdom.
5.      If I had got a Fulbright scholarship, I would have chosen to study in England.
6.      If my mum hadn’t cooked for dinner, we would have eaten out at a restaurant.
7.      If I had got good grades in English, I would have treated my friends in a near café.
8.      If I had finished my assignment in time, I would have submitted it tomorrow morning.
9.      If I had had some trustworthy friends to talk to, I would have shared my problems with them.
10.  If I have come home late, my mum would have locked the front door.

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September 21 undefined

2nd ASSIGNMENT OF STRUCTURE III

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CHAPTER 2

CAUSATIVE VERB
Causative verbs express an action which is caused to happen. In other words, when I have something done for me I cause it to happen, I do not actually do anything but ask someone else to do it for me. 

Causative verbs with “HAVE”
“Jacob had his house painted”
This sentence is similar in meaning to: Someone painted Jacob’s house or Jacob’s house was painted by someone.
Form : 
* Active : Subject + have/had + agent/person + action verb
* Passive : Subject + Have/had + object + action verb (Verb 3)
Passive examples of causative "HAVE"
1.      She had her hair cut last Saturday. (It is similar with “someone cut my hair or my hair was cut by someone”). (Active: She had me cut her hair last Saturday).
2.      She had her car repaired.
3.      My father has his motor cycle washed.
4.      My sister had her homework finished.
5.      I had the floor mopped.
6.      He had his phone repaired.
7.      I have my nails polished.
8.      She had her money stolen.
9.      He had his son kidnapped.
10.  Ellie has her room cleaned.


Causative verb with “LET”
This means “to allow someone to do something”.

1.      My brother lets me drive his new car.
2.      My daddy won’t let his daughter go out at night.
3.      My mum let me cut her dress.
4.      My nephew won’t let me borrow his book.
5.      She let her brother ride her bike.
6.      Jacob lets me cut his hair.
7.      My friends let me use their money.
8.      My parents didn’t let me go to the party last night.
9.      Mum lets me cook for dinner tonight.
10.  My brother lets me eat all of his snack in the fridge.



Causative verb with “GET”
‘GET’ is used as a causative verb in a similar way as ‘have’ is used with the participle. This expresses the idea that the person wants something to be done for them. The causative verb is often used in a more idiomatic manner than ‘have’.

1.      They got their house painted last Saturday. (Active: They got me paint their house last Saturday.)
2.      Tom got his car washed yesterday.
3.      My brother got his homework done a few minutes ago.
4.      My mum got the kitchen mopped.
5.      My friend got his car stolen.
6.      Jacob got his sweets eaten.
7.      Alexandra got her Coca Cola drunk.
8.      She got her bike repaired a few minutes ago.
9.      My brother gets his assignments done.
10.  Sara got her new bike washed.



Causative verb “MAKE”
‘MAKE’ as a causative verb expresses the idea that the person requires another person to do something.

1.      Peter made her daughter do her homework.
2.      The teacher made the students stay after class.
3.      My brother made me stay up all night.
4.      My parents made my brother do his assignments.
5.      He made his children walk home alone.
6.      My brother made me come at school late.
7.      His son made me cry loads at present.
8.      Jacob made my sister smile again.
9.      Uncle Steven made me smile enermously.
10.  Her lecturer made her English skills go better rapidly.

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September 12 undefined

First Assignment of Structure III

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Reported speech is the form we use to speak about what others tell us. Think about your day with other friends, co-workers and family. It's quite common to tell others what someone else has told you.

Here are some examples of declarative speech 

Declarative speech
1. He says “I saw a famous TV presenter”.
    He said that he had seen a famous TV presenter.
2. He says “I work every day”.
    He said that he worked every day. 
3. She says "I got a new job". 
    She said that she had got a new job.
4. My brother says "I bought you a new shirt".
    My brother said that he had bought me a new shirt.
5. My roommate says "I might come home late"
    My roommate said that she might come home late.
6. Harry says "I saw a kite flying so high"
          Harry said that he had seen a kite flying so high. 
7. Emma says "I will come yours today".
    Emma said that she would come mine that day.
8. Wesley says "I will not go to school today".
    Wesley said that he wouldn't go to school today.
9. Eleanor says "I don't like chocolates".
    Eleanor said that she didn't like chocolates.
10. Jacob says "I don't want to go to the party".
      Jacob said that he didn't want to go to the party.

Here are some examples of imperative speech

Imperative speech

1.      Mum says “Get some rest!”
Mum said that I should get some rest.
2.      The doctor says “Don’t smoke anymore!”
The doctor said that I shouldn’t smoke anymore.
3.      Daddy says “save some of your money!”
Daddy said that I should save some of my money.
4.      My little sister says “open the window!”
My little sister said that I should open the window.
5.      My friend says “call me immediately!”
My friend said that I should call her immediately.
6.      David says “wash the dishes”
David said that I should wash the dishes.
7.      Rachel says to her daughter “stop eating chocolates!”
Rachel asked her daughter to stop eating chocolates.
8.      The headmaster says to the students “keep the school clean”.
The headmaster said to the students to stop eating chocolates.
9.      Jack shouts at us “Let’s go now!”
Jack shouted at us to go now
10.  Jacob says “leave me on my own”.
Jacob said that I should leave him on her own.


Here are some examples of WH Questions speech
WH Questions speech

1.      M y friend always asks “How are you?”
My friend always asks how I am.
2.      The doctor asks “When are you coming here?”
The doctor asked when I was coming there.
3.      My mum asks “when are you going back hometown?”
My mum asked when I was going back hometown.
4.      My friend asks “where is your cat right now?”
My friend asked where my cat was then.
5.      My brother asks “where did mum go?”
My brother asked where mum went.
6.      My nephew asks “how did you cook this cake?”
My nephew asked me how I had cooked this cake.
7.      My friend always asks me “what food is in the fridge?”
My friend always asks me what food in the fridge is.
8.      My doctor asks “where are you going?”
My doctor asked where I was going.
9.      My boyfriend asks “when are you going to come round?”
My boyfriend asked when I was going to come round.
1.     My neighbor asks “where are you going next week?”
My neighbor asked where I was going the following week.

Here are some examples of YES NO questions speech
YES NO Questions

1.      My friend says “Are you coming with us?”
My friend asked whether I was going with them.
2.      My friend asks “is your brother coming too?”
My friend asked if my brother was going too.
3.      Bailey asks “Can you drive us?”
Bailey asked whether I could drive them.
4.      Nancy asks “will you let me come with you?”
Nancy asked if we would let her come with us.
5.      My teacher asks “do you have enough money for gas?”
My teacher wanted to know whether we had enough money for gas.
6.      My sister always asks “are they ready?”
My sister always asks if they are ready.
7.      My uncle asks “are they leaving tomorrow?”
My uncle asked if they were leaving next day.
8.      She asks “Are you tired?”
She asked whether I was tired.
9.      He asks “do you like dancing?”
He asked if I liked dancing.
1.      He asks “is this the train to Northampton?
He asked if this was the train to Northampton.


Reported speech

1.      She said “I like ice cream”
She said that she liked ice cream.
2.      He says “I love watching movies”.
He says that he loves watching movies.
3.      She asked me “where do you live”
She asked me where I lived.
4.      She said “the sky is blue”.
She said that the sky was blue.
5.      Uncle Steven said “I am living in Salisbury”.
Uncle Steven said that he was living in Salisbury.
6.      My sister said “ I was walking along the street”
My sister said that she had been walking along the street.
7.      My aunt said “I haven’t seen Julie”My aunt said that she hadn’t seen Julie.
8.      My teacher said “I might be late”.
My teacher said that she might be late.
9.      My brother said “I must study at the weekend.
My brother said that he must study at the weekend.
1.      My dad said “I’ll see you later”.
My dad said he would see me later.



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